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This article describes the conjugation and use of verbs in Slovene. Further information about the grammar of the Slovene language can be found in the article Slovene grammar. ==Grammatical categories== In Slovene, there are four tenses: # The present tense (sedanjik), which considers events that are occurring. # The past or preterite tense (preteklik), which considers events that occurred in the past. # The pluperfect (past perfect) tense (predpreteklik), which considers events that occurred before a given event already in the past. It is rare in normal use. # The future tense (prihodnjik), which considers events that will occur. There are 3 verb moods: # Indicative mood, which is used to state a fact or opinion. # Imperative mood, which is used to give commands. # Conditional mood, which is used to state possibilities or wishes, for example, ''If only I knew that...''. In addition, there are several non-finite forms: # An infinitive in -ti and a supine in -t. # Two present active participles, in -č and in -e, indicating ongoing action. # Two past active participles, in -l and in -(v)ši, indicating a past or completed action. # A past passive participle in -n or -t, indicating an action having been performed on something. Only the present indicative, the imperative and the non-finite forms are formed synthetically, by changing the form of the verb directly. All other forms are periphrastic (analytic), and are formed using auxiliary verbs or other additional words. As in all Slavic languages, Slovene verbs are classified based on their aspect: # Perfective (''dovršni'') verbs, which represent a completed action. # Imperfective (''nedovršni'') verbs, which represent an ongoing action. Each verb is either perfective or imperfective, and most verbs occur in pairs to express the same meaning with different aspects. For example, the concept of ''jumping'' is expressed in the 2 different aspects is ''skákati'', which has an imperfective aspect and can roughly be translated as ''to be jumping (continuously)'', and ''skočíti'', which has a perfective aspect and can roughly be translated as ''to jump (once)''. While each aspect is represented by a full verb with its own distinct conjugation, certain combinations are not or rarely used in one aspect or the other. For example, imperfective verbs generally lack a past passive participle, while perfective verbs have no present participles. Additionally, the present tense has 2 different meanings depending on the aspect of a verb. For imperfective verbs, it has present meaning, while for perfective verbs, it has a future meaning expressing a desire to carry out the action. For example, ''To kravo prodam'' "I want to sell the cow" (compare this with the future tense ''To kravo bom prodal'' "I will sell the cow"). As well, verbs can be classified based on their transitivity (''Glagolska prehodnost'') and aspect (''Glagolski vid''). Many verbs in Slovene can be both transitive and intransitive depending on their use in a sentence. However, all reflexive verbs, which are marked by the participle ''se'' (one self) are intransitive. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Slovene verbs」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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